True Cia.
I have had a few replies from people new to the business, so... For others reading this thread, that might not know what a "Buy-out" is.
Your voice, is your property. Technically, when you work for a client they are purchasing your voice for a short term.
Much like music, the creator still owns the music, but you get to listen to it.
A Buyout is a licence to use it over a long term and is an easy way to reach an agreement for long term work. For example. You do a script reading, and it is great. The work only takes you an hour. The AD campaign that is using your voice is running for 3 years.
Do they just pay you for the hour?
In a perfect world, you would also be offered a buyout, allowing them to licence your voice for the 3 years that the campaign runs.
So, what work constitutes the use of a buyout?
This is a grey area as a VO, as it depends greatly on the project it's self. My personal rule is to raise the subject if the project runs over a year (dependant on project/budget). In my humble opinion, projects that run over a year, or are international or TV based should really be offering buyouts.
Some of you will have the right voice at the right time, and land a huge contract. Normally buyouts at this level are a given. It's the smaller contracts that are the issue.
Can every project afford a buyout? No.
Does every project need a buyout? No. It's your choice if you decide to work for them or not. I'm not going to sit here and tell you to turn down paid work. Especially if the work is reasonably paid.
So how do you ask? Fairness, I think is key. Just by saying you will accept "any FAIR offer" allows the ball to be in their court and make an educated guess within their budget constraints and return with an offer.
To be honest, personally I operate a, something is better than nothing, policy. I always ask. But if the project cant afford a buyout then the decision is on me, for the work.
I'm am in no way saying that you should demand xyz. All I'm doing is letting you know where you stand. Did you know you can issue a takedown notice if someone is using your work without your permission? You can. Is it worth it? 99.9% of the time, no, it's not. But you can defend your property if you can provide proof.
It's all down to what is best for you. I myself am working on 3 long term projects, completely free. I'm also having a lot of fun playing X-Men heroes and villains and narrating short stories. But I have agreed to work for free so the ownness is on me.
I know this is a grey area but hopefully there is something that may have helped :)